Landasan teori artikel "Comparison of Climate Change Causes of Flood Disaster Adaptation Strategies in Tanzania and Indonesia" (Octaviana & Koestoer, 2024)

Landasan teori artikel "Comparison of Climate Change Causes of Flood Disaster Adaptation Strategies in Tanzania and Indonesia" (Octaviana & Koestoer, 2024) berpijak pada Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Framework, Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Theory, dan Comparative Policy Analysis yang diintegrasikan dalam Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Framework ini menghasilkan 7 Pilar Strategi Adaptasi yang aplikatif untuk penelitian adaptasi banjir Karangrowo.[journal-iasssf]​

1. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Framework (UNDRR, 2016)

Definisi Operasional:
DRR = "Penurunan risiko bencana melalui sistematis upaya untuk menganalisis dan mengelola penyebab bencana dan dampaknya, termasuk mengurangi eksposur terhadap bahaya, mengurangi kerentanan populasi, dan meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi".[journal-iasssf]​

7 Pilar Octaviana langsung turunan dari Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015) → Sendai Framework (2015-2030):

text
1. Response → Preparedness & Emergency Response
2. Physical Infra → Structural Measures  
3. Ecosystem → Nature-based Solutions
4. Institutional → Governance & Policy
5. Community → Community-based DRR
6. Early Warning → Early Warning Systems
7. Green Space → Land Use Planning

2. Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Theory (IPCC, 2022)

Konsep Inti:
Adaptation = proses penyesuaian terhadap ancaman iklim aktual atau yang diantisipasi melalui:

• Autonomous Adaptation (komunitas mandiri) → Jakarta community-wise

• Planned Adaptation (pemerintah terstruktur) → Tanzania institutional-wise[journal-iasssf]​

Tanzania vs Indonesia:

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Tanzania: Planned → Top-down → Institutional kuat
Indonesia: Autonomous → Bottom-up → Community kuat

3. Comparative Policy Analysis (Dye, 2013)

Landasan Metodologi Octaviana:

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Input → Process → Output → Outcome → Impact
Climate Triggers → Policy Response → Adaptation Strategies → Risk Reduction → Resilience

Matriks Perbandingan:

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Variabel Independen: Iklim (hujan ekstrem, naik muka laut)
Variabel Dependen: Strategi Adaptasi (7 pilar)
Variabel Kontrol: Ekonomi, governance, budaya lokal

4. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) Methodology (Moher et al., 2009)

Protokol PRISMA Octaviana:

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2022-2023 Articles → Keywords: "flood adaptation" + "Dar es Salaam" OR "Jakarta"
Screening → Eligibility → Inclusion (n=final)
→ 7 Pilar Emergent Coding

5. Theoretical Framework Terintegrasi (Visual untuk Siswa)

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                    CLIMATE CHANGE
                         ↓
DAR ES SALAAM    vs    JAKARTA
(Institutional)         (Community)
    ↓                       ↓
7 PILAR STRATEGI ADAPTASI
Response-Infrastructure-Ecosystem-Institutional-Community-EWS-Green Space
    ↓                       ↓
RESILIENCE OUTCOMES
(Pengurangan Risiko → Ketahanan Komunitas)

6. Operationalisasi Konsep untuk Checklist Siswa

Pilar	Definisi Teori	Indikator Karangrowo	Skala Pengukuran
1. Response	Emergency action 0-72 jam	Gotong royong evakuasi	Frekuensi/tahun
2. Physical	Structural protection	Rumah panggung tinggi	Tinggi elevasi (m)
3. Ecosystem	Nature-based solutions	Embung tradisional	Volume (m³)
4. Institutional	Governance framework	BPBD koordinasi Kades	Rapat/tahun
5. Community	Local wisdom + solidarity	Pranata banjir	% warga ikut
6. Early Warning	Prediction systems	BMKG + tanda laron	Akurasi (%)
7. Green Space	Flood retention areas	Lahan kosong desa	Luas (Ha)

7. Hipotesis Turunan untuk Penelitian Siswa

Berdasarkan teori Octaviana + konteks Karangrowo:

text
H1: Community Pillar (#5) tertinggi di Karangrowo > Jakarta > Tanzania
H2: Institutional Pillar (#4) tertinggi di Tanzania > Jakarta > Karangrowo  
H3: Total 7 Pilar Score: Karangrowo (rural wisdom) > Jakarta (urban hybrid)

8. Integrasi dengan SNA Framework Putti (2023)

text
Octaviana 7 Pilar → SNA Social Capital [file:28]
1-2 Response+Infra = BONDING (tetangga dekat)
3+7 Ecosystem+Green = BRIDGING (LSM lingkungan)
4+6 Institutional+EWS = LINKING (pemerintah)
5 Community = KARANGROWO SUPERPOWER!

9. Validitas Teoretis untuk Lomba Siswa

Strengths Octaviana Framework:

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✅ Global comparative (Tanzania-Indonesia)
✅ 7 Pilar comprehensive & measurable  
✅ SLR methodology = gold standard
✅ Policy-relevant recommendations

Application Checklist SMA N 1 Jakenan:

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MINGGU 1: Theory → Isi 7 Pilar kosong
MINGGU 2: Fieldwork → Isi Karangrowo 
MINGGU 3: Analysis → Score + Grafik
MINGGU 4: Presentasi → "Karangrowo vs Global"

Daftar Pustaka Landasan Teori

1. Octaviana, I. S., & Koestoer, R. H. (2024). Comparison of climate change causes of flood disaster adaptation strategies in Tanzania and Indonesia. ANDMEJ[journal-iasssf]​

2. UNDRR (2016). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030

3. IPCC (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability

4. Dye, T. R. (2013). Understanding Public Policy

5. Moher, D., et al. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA)

Kesimpulan untuk Siswa:
Octaviana = PETA 7 LANGKAH yang sudah dites global. Karangrowo punya step #5 (Community) paling kuat. Tugas siswa = BUKTIKAN dengan data lapangan → JADI JUARA LOMBA IPS PATI 2026! 🏆